Origanic Chemistry Notes Advance

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES

WHAT IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY?

Organic chemistry is the study of the preparation,structure,properties,composition and reactions of organic compounts.

OR

Is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of carbon compounds.

Some carbon compounds like oxides,carbides,carbonates,cyanides and disulphides are excluded in organic chemistry.

The word ORGANIC means derived from living matter.

Organic compounds  are the compounds which contains carbon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen. Some other elements like oxygen,phosphorus and nitrogen may also be bonded to carbon in organic molecules.

UNIQUENESS OF CARBON IN ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 

Carbon behaves differently from the rest of the group members due: 

• Small Atomic radius 
•   High electronegativity 
•  Lack of vacant orbital 

Some of the properties in which Carbon differs from the rest of the members include: 

•  It forms a stable multiple bonds with itself and with other non-metals. 
• Carbon can form a number of hydrocarbons because it can catenate. Catenation is the ability of the element to form bonds between atoms of the same element. 
•  It forms gaseous oxides unlike other members 
• The halides are stable to hydrolysis.

SOME OF IMPORTANCES OF STUDYING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

• All living organisms are made of millions of organic compounds
• Used in making medicines
• Clothes are made from organic compounds called fibres.
• Used to manufacture plastic items.